Verwendung des Infinitive
Der Infinitive kann in der englischen Grammatik mit oder ohne "to" auftreten.
Der Infinitive nach einem Verb mit "to"
Nach bestimmten Verben ist der Infinitive mit "to" zwingend vorgeschrieben. Die folgende Liste enthält die wichtigsten dieser Verben:
| afford | leisten | Tony can afford to buy a new car every year. |
|---|---|---|
| agree | zustimmen | They agreed to sign the contract. |
| ask | bitten | Mia asked me to go to the store for her. |
| attempt | versuchen | They attempted to win the match in the last minutes. |
| decide | beschließen | He decided to take the left path in the woods. |
| expect | erwarten | Mom expected to find her at home. |
| forget | vergessen | Why should I forget to send you the email? |
| happen | unvorhergesehen geschehen | Tom happened to meet her at the cinema. |
| hesitate | zögern | Tom hesitated to inform Mary about the result. |
| hope | hoffen | I hope to go swimming tomorrow. |
| learn | lernen | All children have to learn how to read and write. |
| manage | es schaffen | Tom is sure he will manage to be here in time. |
| offer | anbieten | I offered to help, but they managed on their own. |
| pretend | so tun als ob (vorgeben) | Mary pretended not to see him. |
| promise | versprechen | He promised to come with me. |
| plan | planen | How are your plans to travel to europe? |
| refuse | ablehnen, sich weigern | He refused to play with the other children. |
| seem | scheinen | The train seems to be late. |
| want | wollen | I want to climb this tree! |
Infinitive nach dem Adjektiv
Der Infinitiv wird häufig mit einem Adjektiv verwendet, oft im Zuge einer Satzverkürzung.
Beispiele für den Infinitiv mit einem Adjektiv:
- We were happy to hear that you were alright.
- Linda is sorry to miss the first day of school, but she is ill.
- Is it important to know all these words?
Der Infinitive nach dem Fragewort und speziellen Hauptwörtern
Um Fragesätze zu verkürzen und etwas eleganter klingen zu lassen kann man in der englischen Grammatik den Invinitive nach dem Fragewort verwenden:
- Tom doesn't remember where he should put his dirty boots. - Tom doesn't remember where to put his dirty boots.
- I can't decide what I should have for dinner. - I can't decide what to have for dinner.
- Anni didn't know where she should go. - Anni didn't know where to go.
Der Infinitive nach einigen Hauptwörtern
Nach einigen Hauptwörtern (Nomen) kommt in der englischen Sprache direkt der Infinitive mit "to".
Einige der wichtigsten Hauptwörter nach denen der Infinitive mit "to" kommt sind:
| ability | Fähigkeit | Some people have the ability to think very analytical. |
|---|---|---|
| chance | Gelegenheit | This is your chance to go skiing. |
| opportunity | Möglichkeit | In Cuba he had the opportunity to refresh his spanish. |
| command | Befehl | Brian gave to command to start walking. |
| order | Befehl | She gave order to serve everyone a free drink. |
| courage | Mut | Susan had the courage to stand up to Tom. |
| decision | Entscheidung | Fred decided to take the exam next year. |
| freedom | Freiheit | She had the freedom to go where she wanted. |
| permission | Erlaubnis | They got the permission to climb the mountain. |
| possibility | Möglichkeit | Miriam took the possibility to catch a ride with us. |
| reason | Grund | There is no reason to stay away from the training! |
| right | Recht | They used their right to protest against the new law. |
| time | Zeit | It's time to leave! |
| way | Art, Weise | There is only one way to cross the border. |
| wish | Wunsch | Anna wished to walk on her own. |
Do you like wijng? Share it with your friends, add it to you prefered social network:
