Modal Verbs - Modalverben oder Hilfsverben - kostenlos Englisch lernen

Die Verben must und have tozählen in der englischen Grammatik ebenfalls zu den modal verbs oder Modalverben.

• "Must" bedeutet müssen.
• must kann in der englischen Sprache nur in der Gegenwart (present tense) angewendet werden
• Die Ersatzform in allen Zeiten ist (to) have to + Nennform (base form).

• They have to join the group.
• We had to pay taxes.
• I have had to travel to tokio.
• You will have to look for a new job.

Die Modalverben "must" und "have to" haben im Allgemeinen die gleiche Bedeutung und sind daher inden meisten Fällen austauschbar.

must

• Der Sprecher selbst findet eine Sache zwingend und unvermeidbar.
• We must do this today.
• (ich finde, wir müssen)

have to

• Der Sprecher will vor allen Dingen eine Anordnung weitergeben.
• Mr. Dodley says you have to pack your things now.
• (er sagt, du musst)

Die Verneinung (negation) wird in der englischen Sprache so gebildet:

• must - need not/do not have to/does not have to
• have to/has to - need not/do not have to/does not have to
• had to - did not have to
• will have to - will not/won't have to
• have had to - haven't had to
• has had to - hasn't had to

I must finish this task today, but I do not need to hurry.
Mark has to leave early tomorrow, but he need not to/doesn't have to have breakfast.
We had to leave the bus, but we didn't have to push it out of the snow.
You will have to draw, but you won't have to present your work.
Tim has had to pay for the dinner, but he hasn't had to pay for the hotel.
I have had to dive for the keys, but I haven't had to pay for loosing it.